Posts Tagged “U.S. fruit imports”
An Analysis by the American Farm Burea measured against a 2010 baseline, reveals United States fresh fruit imports are up 69 percent by volume while domestic fruit production has fallen 32 percent. The two curves crossed in 2013 and have not converged since.
While U.S. domestic fruit production is decline, America’s population expanded by 10 percent.
Between 2020 and 2025, pesticide costs rose 25 percent, fuel 31 percent, fertilizer 37 percent, and labor close to 50 percent, while average cash expenses on specialty crop farms passed $466,000 in 2023, up 47 percent from 2021.
Fruit offers few tools for absorbing that: crops are perishable, harvest windows are short, storage is rarely an option, and there is no futures market to hedge a price collapse.
As domestic volume has contracted, imports have taken the space. Figures from the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) show imports supplied 59 percent of US fresh fruit availability in 2023, up from 50 percent in 2007, leaving domestic sources at roughly 41 percent.
Much of that growth still fills genuine seasonal gaps, but the report’s crop-level analysis finds imports increasingly arriving earlier and staying later, a pattern USDA economists call market window creep, which concentrates competition in the early and late weeks when domestic growers have historically earned the prices that carry a season.
The AFBF’s conclusion is that trade remains necessary, but a shrinking domestic base leaves US fruit supply more exposed to weather, political instability, and food safety events abroad.
The value of U.S. imports of fruit soared ahead by 17% in the year ending April compared with the same period a year ago, according to new trade data from the USDA.
The agency reports U.S. imports of fresh/frozen fruit for the period from May 2021 through April 2022 totaled $18.72 billion, up 17% compared with imports of $16.03 billion in the same period a year ago and 24% higher than $15.08 billion two years ago.
By commodity, U.S. imports of fresh fruit from May 2021 to April 2022, with a percent change from a year ago:
- Berries (excluding strawberries): $4.05 billion, up 19%
- Avocados: $3.32 billion, up 35%
- Bananas/plantains: $2.45 billion, up 1%
- Grapes: $2.04 billion, up 16%
- Citrus: $1.84 billion, up 25%
- Strawberries: $1.4 billion, up 8%
- Pineapples: $803 million, 12%
- Mangoes: $734.9 million, up 7%
- Melons: $676.6 million, up 10%
- Kiwifruit: $214.5 million, up 28%
- Apples: 168.65 million, up 5%
- Pears: $111.8 million, up 9%
- Peaches: $65.8 million, no change
- Plums: $41.5 million, up 2%
U.S. total fruit imports by value soared by a quarter to a new record over January and February this year, with fresh, frozen and processed categories all seeing double-digit growth.
USDA data shows imports over the two months rose by 23 percent year-on-year to $4.9 billion.
In the previous four years over the same two months, the import value had always totalled between $3.7 billion and $4 billion.
However, the import volume did not rise at the same pace as the value, growing by just 7 percent year-on-year. But they still hit a record of 2.6 million tons.
Looking at the value, the ‘other fruit category’ – which is by far the largest and includes avocados, berries and bananas – rose by 19 percent to $2.5 billion. The rise was driven primarily by avocados and blueberries.
The citrus category saw the biggest growth, almost doubling to $253 million. That increase was driven by mandarins and limes.
The other categories listed by the USDA – deciduous, juices, processed, frozen, melons, dried and prepared – all experiencing growth ranging from the mid-teens to the mid-twenties.
Of the top-five supplying countries, import growth was largest from Mexico and Peru – at 27 percent each. Next was Chile, up 14 percent, Guatemala, up 11 percent, and Costa Rica, up 6 percent.
Total U.S. fruit imports rose by 9 percent last February compared to February 2020 and were largely driven by fresh berries.
USDA figures show the growth in fruit imports – which includes fresh, frozen, processed and juice – at $2 billion, came amid strong increases in fresh strawberries and blueberries and was partially offset by a big drop in avocado imports.
Strawberries rose by 23 percent to $208 million, with Mexico supplying almost all the volumes.
Imports of conventional blueberries saw an increase of 63 percent to $140 million, with the U.S.’s three main supplying countries all showing big increases. Imports from Chile rose by 33 percent to $75 million, and from Mexico and Peru they slightly more than doubled to $52 million and $13 million respectively.
Organic blueberry imports also showed significant growth, rising by 69 percent to $61 million.
The two other berry categories also performed well. Raspberry imports grew by 30 percent to 90 million, while blackberry imports rose by 9 percent to 44 million. In both cases, Mexico was virtually the sole supplier.
Other double-digit increases came in mango and pineapple imports, which rose by 21 and 19 percent respectively to total $48 million each. Limes also rose by 73 percent to $45 million.
There was a significant drop in avocado imports, which fell by 22 percent to 174 million, with almost all supplies coming from Mexico. Table grape imports saw a small drop of 4 percent to $288 million, with the decrease driven by Chile and partially offset by growth from Peru.
Outside of the fresh fruits, total U.S. fruit imports were also spurred on by a 29 percent increase in fruit juices to $182 million and a 31 percent rise in frozen fruit to $94 million.
The fruit import rise in February follows a slower month in January when imports saw a slight dip of percent, USDA data shows.
In 2020, U.S. fruit import growth ground to a halt.
U.S. fruit imports into the U.S. for 2020 lost a decade of momentum, although there were gains for fresh citrus and frozen fruit, according to new USDA data.
Imports under the ‘Fruits and Preparations’ category – which includes all fresh, frozen and processed fruit – rose marginally to $19.9 billion in 2020 from $19.8 billion in 2019.
The minor increase comes in contrast to the impressive and steady annual growth the category has witnessed since 2010, when imports were registered at $10.4 billion.
The largest category, ‘Other Fresh Fruit’ – which includes avocados, bananas, and berries – held steady at $10.1 billion. Avocados dropped by 12 percent to $2.3 billion, bananas dropped by 2 percent to $1.9 billion, blueberries fell by 5 percent to $982 million, and strawberries declined by 2 percent to $819 million.
Deciduous fruit imports also remained flat at $2.2 billion. Table grapes rose by 4 percent to $1.7 billion, but apples fell by 18 percent to $110 million.
Meanwhile, fruit juices fell by 13 percent to $1.8 billion and processed fruit rose by 2 percent to $1.8 billion.
Citrus imports rose by 11 percent to $1.4 billion, driven mainly by growth in mandarins and to a lesser extent in oranges.
Frozen fruit rose by 26 percent to $1.1 billion, fresh melons fell by 12 percent to $607 million, while dried fruit rose by 10 percent to $520 million, and prepared fruit grew by 14 percent to $504 million.
Looking at the different supplying countries across the total fruit category, imports from Mexico and Chile both fell by 3 percent to $8.2 billion and $1.9 billion, respectively.
Peru was the biggest winner of the top five countries, with imports into the U.S. growing by 17 percent to $1.7 billion. Meanwhile, imports from Guatemala fell by 2 percent to $1.9 billion, while from Costa Rica they rose by 2 percent to $1.1 billion.